“It has long been thought that acupuncture can reduce stress, but this is the first study to show molecular proof of this benefit,” says Ladan Eshkevari, lead author of the study and assistant professor in the School of Nursing & Health Studies.

DECEMBER 20, 2011 – ACUPUNCTURE SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCES LEVELS of a protein linked to chronic stress, according to a study with rats by researchers atGeorgetown University Medical Center (GUMC). The study may help explain the sense of well-being many people say they get from this ancient Chinese therapy. Published online in Experimental Biology and Medicine earlier this month, the researchers say that if their findings can be replicated in humans, acupuncture would become a proven therapy for stress.

MOLECULAR PROOF

“It has long been thought that acupuncture can reduce stress, but this is the first study to show molecular proof of this benefit,” says the study’s lead author, Ladan Eshkevari, an assistant professor at Georgetown’s School of Nursing & Health Studies (NHS), part of GUMC. Eshkevari, assistant director of the Nurse Anesthesia Program and a certified acupuncturist, says she conducted the study because many of the patients she treats with acupuncture report a “better overall sense of well-being – and they often remarked that they felt less stress.” The professor designed a study to test the effect of acupuncture on blood levels of the neuropeptide Y (NPY), which is secreted by the sympathetic nervous system in rodents and humans. This system is involved in the “flight or fight” response to acute stress.

ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE

Eshkevari gently conditioned the rats to become comfortable with the kind of stimulation used in electro-acupuncture – an acupuncture needle that delivers a small, painless electrical charge. This form of acupuncture is often used for pain management, she says, adding that she used electro-acupuncture to ensure that each rat would get the same treatment dose. She then selected a single acupuncture point to test on the leg below the knee, which is said to help relieve a variety of conditions including stress in humans.

STUDY METHODOLOGY

The study used four groups of rats for a 14-day experiment:

• A non-stressed control group that received no acupuncture
• A group stressed for an hour a day that also received no acupuncture
• Rats that were stressed and received “sham” acupuncture near their tails
• An experimental stressed group that received acupuncture at the designated point on the leg

Eshkevari and her research team found NPY levels in the experimental group came down almost to the level of the control group, while the rats that were stressed and not treated with acupuncture had high levels of the protein.

PROTECTIVE EFFECT

In a second experiment, she stopped the acupuncture in the experimental group but continued to stress the rats for an additional four days. The NPY levels remained low. “We were surprised to find what looks to be a protective effect against stress,” she says. The American Association of Nurse Anesthetists funded the research with a doctoral fellowship award to Eshkevari, and the National Institutes of Health’s National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine provided a grant for the study.